The London Lives Petitions Project
Introduction
The London Lives Petitions Project is a digital history project by Sharon Howard which aims to explore approximately 10,000 petitions (and petitioning letters) addressed to magistrates, contained in the voluminous records of eighteenth-century London and Middlesex Sessions of the Peace which were digitised for London Lives, 1690-1800. These are important sources for the social history of eighteenth-century London, which have been difficult to access within the existing London Lives resource because of the sheer size and variety of the Sessions Papers documents.
- In the first phase of the project, I focused on discovery of petitions in the Sessions Papers, and the creation of new metadata that would facilitate access and analysis. This discovery stage is largely complete (February 2016), although there may be smaller future additions and corrections (particularly to deal with duplicates and multiple copies of petitions). The resulting data, consisting of structured metadata and plain text files, has been released as open data under a Creative Commons licence.
- Work on the data is ongoing to add tagging that will further aid access and re-use, particularly subject tagging and re-incorporating London Lives' existing tagging for petitioners' names. I also plan (eventually) to link the petitions to related documents (court orders, pauper examinations, etc) in the London Lives archives.
- Project research starts from the question: What can you do with 10,000 petitions? Can large-scale distant reading techniques tell us things that we didn't already know from close reading of smaller, personally-crafted collections of petitions? I'll be experimenting with various methods and data visualisations.
- But also: what can you not do with them? Understanding what doesn't work for data like this is important. For one thing, the quality of the transcriptions does not match up to traditional scholarly standards: is it good enough for 'big data' methods? And there are problems with uneven survival of the original records. Do quantitative methods produce results that are meaningful, insights of any significance?
- All of this doesn't mean the abandonment of good old-fashioned close reading - far from it. The sheer size of the collection means that even smaller niches can find plentiful material for qualitative analysis, and quantitative analysis enables close readings to be understood in their wider contexts and connections. I'm particularly interested in women petitioners and prisoners; but, by making the new data as re-usable as possible, I hope to enable and encourage other researchers to pursue their own interests and to experiment in their own ways.
Project data
Current releases of all shared data, with documentation and licensing information.
- Zenodo (latest official release)
- Github (may have more recent updates/work in progress, and more detailed documentation of the dataset and methods of data collection)
Explore the data
Writing about the project and additional resources
Blogging and presentations (and eventually more formal publications).
- Gender, institutions and the changing uses of petitions in 18th-century London (workshop paper, April 2019)
- Blogging about the project at Early Modern Notes
- Addressing Authority: Petitions and Supplications in Early Modern Europe (workshop and online symposium, 2016)
- Slides and resources for workshop presentation, Birkbeck, U. of London, March 2016
- Blog post in the online symposium, November 2016
- Early Modern Voices Bibliography: a work in progress that will cover research on/using various sources including petitions and letters, trial reports, examinations and depositions
Project visualisations
Note that these are works in progress, which are liable to be revised following data updates (or even removed), and therefore citing them in scholarly work is not advisable.
Petitions in context
- London Lives Sessions Papers 1690-1799: page (image) counts
- Petitions in London Lives Sessions Papers, page counts by year, 1690-1799
- Same again, proportional
- London Lives Petitions by Court, 1690-1799 (grouped bar chart)
- Petitions by year and court, 1690-1799 (stacked bar chart)
- London Lives Petitions by Decade, 1690-1799
Petition word counts
Note: these charts use reworked versions of the public release files, from which marginal annotations etc that are not part of the body of the petition have been trimmed. May be slow to load.
- Word counts, 1690-1799 (log scale)
- Word counts, with court, 1690-1799 (log scale)
Comparing types of petition
- Parish petitions (from churchwardens and overseers of the poor) v others, 1690-1799 (v1: stacked bar chart)
- Parish petitions v others 1690-1799 (v2: grouped bar chart)
- Parish petitions v others 1690-1799 (v3: proportional stacked chart)
- Parish petitions concerning settlement/removal disputes, 1690-1799
- Parish petitions v others: comparing average word counts
- Same comparison, log scale
Gender
- Comparing gender of petitioners, 1690-1799 (proportional stacked chart)
- Comparison of average word counts of petitions from men and women, 1690-1799
Other things
- The 100 longest petitions
- The 100 shortest petitions (this is slightly problematic, as some are only "short" because of the poor condition of the originals)
Example petitions
- Shortest: Letter/petition of Richard Dyer, 1733 (29 words excl signature)
- Longest: Petition of Joshua Perkin, Surveyor, 1793
- Parish (appealed pauper removal): Petition of the Churchwardens and Overseers of the Poor of the Parish of St Mary White Chapel, 1781
- Collective: Petition of the Journeymen Taylors working in the City of London and within five Miles thereof, 1770
- Individual (professional?): Petition of Mary Burn, widow, 1715
- Individual (idiosyncratic): Petition of Elisabeth Exton, 1717
- Fragments (ewwww)
Other resources
Historical petitions online
Acknowledgments
The dataset has been created using the transcriptions of the Sessions Papers published at the London Lives website. I am grateful to Tim Hitchcock and Bob Shoemaker, the London Lives project directors, for agreeing to share this data.
The original documents are held at the London Metropolitan Archives.
The London Lives project was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council.
License
The dataset and this documentation are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This means that you are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format; and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, providing you follow the terms of the licence:
- You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
- If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- Please also credit the London Lives project as the original data source wherever possible.
The London Lives Petitions Project is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Petitions data derived from, and with many thanks to, London Lives 1690-1800. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at www.londonlives.org.